XmlValidatingReader needs Doctype to validate document, that's is the only way to enforce it to perform validation against DTD - give it XML with Doctype. Ok, my first impulse was to write a simple custom XmlTextWriter, which exposes synthetic Doctype while reading Doctype-less documents:
XmlTextReader -> DoctypeAppendingXmlReader -> XmlValidatingReader
That's a bit nontrivial as PublicID and SystemID should be exposed as synthetic attributes too, but quite doable with a small state machine. Unfortunately that doesn't work. XmlValidatingReader still doesn't validate even being given a Doctype. A bit of reflection unveiled that when encontering Doctype, XmlValidatingReader asks XmlTextReader for DTD via its internal property. Obviously it's null as XmlTextReader doesn't see the synthetic Doctype. No way, won't work.
Ok, then what? Another approach is to modify XML before validation by appending Doctype. No XmlDocument or XSLT here please, that's a job for XmlReader-XmlWriter pipeline. Here is the modifying code:
XmlReader r = new XmlTextReader("foo.xml");
XmlWriter w = new XmlTextWriter("foo2.xml", Encoding.UTF8);
bool hasDoctype = false;
while (r.Read())
{
if (r.NodeType == XmlNodeType.DocumentType)
hasDoctype = true;
else if (r.NodeType == XmlNodeType.Element)
{
if (!hasDoctype)
{
//First element is about to be written - insert Doctype
w.WriteDocType(r.Name, null, "foo.dtd", null);
}
}
w.WriteNode(r, false);
}
r.Close();
w.Close();
//Now let's validate modified one
XmlValidatingReader vr = new XmlValidatingReader(
new XmlTextReader("foo2.xml"));
while (vr.Read());
Works fine, but requires temporary buffer/file/whatever to hold modified version of the document. Not really satisfying. Any other ideas? I think a better solution exists. E.g. if during validation document is going to be loaded into some in-memory XML store anyway, then some sort of in-memory validation might help, but I doubt that trick will work for DTD validation.
The idea is a trivial - DataSet.WriteXml() method accepts XmlWriter, so we can design a custom XmlWriter and encapsulate adding PI logic in it. xml-stylesheet PI must be placed in the document's prolog, so here is when to add it - once XmlWriter.WriteStartElement() method is called and the writer state is WriteState.Prolog or WriteState.Start (that means the first element's start tag is about to be written). Trivial and robust. Here is the implementation:
public sealed class AddPIXmlTextWriter : XmlTextWriter
{
private string stylesheet;
//Constructors - add more as needed
public AddPIXmlTextWriter(string filename,
Encoding enc, string stylesheet)
: base(filename, enc)
{
this.stylesheet = stylesheet;
}
public override void WriteStartElement(string prefix,
string localName, string ns)
{
if (WriteState == WriteState.Prolog ||
WriteState == WriteState.Start)
{
//It's time to add the PI
base.WriteProcessingInstruction("xml-stylesheet",
String.Format("type=\"text/xsl\" href=\"{0}\"", stylesheet));
}
base.WriteStartElement(prefix, localName, ns);
}
}
And here is a usage sample:
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
ds.ReadXml("feedlist.xml");
...
XmlTextWriter w = new AddPIXmlTextWriter("foo.xml", Encoding.UTF8, "foo.xsl");
w.Formatting = Formatting.Indented;
ds.WriteXml(w);
And the resulting foo.xml starts with:
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="foo.xsl"?> <feeds refresh-rate="900000" xmlns="http://www.25hoursaday.com/2003/RSSBandit/feeds/"> <feed category="blogs"> ...